A generator can provide valuable backup power during a storm, power outage, or other emergency. It can help operate essential equipment, keep food cold, and provide lighting when the electricity goes out.
However, generators can also create serious dangers if they are used incorrectly. Carbon monoxide poisoning, electrical shock, fires, and fuel accidents are preventable risks when proper safety steps are followed.
1. Choose the Right Generator
Select a generator that matches your household’s emergency power needs. Before buying one, make a list of the equipment you may need to operate.
Possible items include:
- Refrigerator
- Freezer
- Medical equipment
- Emergency lights
- Phone chargers
- Fans
- Sump pump
- Internet equipment
- Small appliances
Check the wattage requirements for each item. Some appliances require extra power when starting, so make sure the generator can handle both starting and running wattage.
2. Never Use a Generator Indoors
The most important generator safety rule is simple:
Never operate a fuel-burning generator inside your home or any enclosed space.
Do not use a generator in:
- Garages
- Basements
- Crawl spaces
- Sheds
- Tents
- Porches
- Carports
- Any area attached to the home
Generators produce carbon monoxide, an invisible and odorless gas that can cause serious injury or death.
Operate the generator outdoors, far away from doors, windows, and vents. Follow the manufacturer’s required clearance distance and keep exhaust directed away from the home.
3. Install Carbon Monoxide Alarms
Carbon monoxide alarms should be installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions, especially near sleeping areas.
Test alarms regularly and replace batteries when needed. A carbon monoxide alarm is an important safety layer, but it does not make indoor generator use safe.
If an alarm sounds or anyone experiences dizziness, headache, nausea, weakness, or confusion, move outdoors into fresh air and contact emergency services.
4. Keep the Generator Dry
Electricity and water are a dangerous combination. Keep the generator protected from rain and moisture while still allowing plenty of ventilation.
Never operate a generator:
- In standing water
- During heavy rain without proper protection
- With wet hands
- Near sprinklers
- In a flooded area
Use a generator shelter specifically designed for safe outdoor operation if needed. Do not cover a running generator with materials that restrict airflow or trap heat.
5. Refuel Only After the Generator Cools
Fuel can ignite if it spills onto hot engine parts. Turn off the generator and allow it to cool before refueling.
When handling fuel:
- Store it in approved containers
- Keep it away from flames and sparks
- Do not smoke nearby
- Use fuel only as directed by the manufacturer
- Clean up spills immediately
- Keep fuel away from children and pets
Never store gasoline inside living areas.
6. Connect Appliances Safely
Use heavy-duty, outdoor-rated extension cords that are designed for the generator’s power output.
Inspect cords for:
- Cuts
- Fraying
- Exposed wires
- Damaged plugs
- Burn marks
- Loose connections
Do not overload the generator or connect too many appliances at once.
A transfer switch installed by a qualified electrician is needed if you want to connect a portable generator directly to a home’s electrical system. Never plug a generator into a household wall outlet, because this can cause dangerous backfeeding.
7. Keep Children and Pets Away
Generators can become extremely hot and may cause burns. Fuel and electrical connections also create hazards for children and pets.
Keep the generator in a controlled area where children and animals cannot approach it. Explain to children that the equipment is not a toy and should never be touched.
8. Protect the Generator From Theft
During a long power outage, a generator may attract unwanted attention. Place it in a secure location while keeping it outdoors and properly ventilated.
Helpful precautions include:
- Use a security cable or approved locking device
- Keep fuel containers secured
- Avoid displaying the generator unnecessarily
- Check the equipment regularly
- Keep the owner’s manual available
Do not place the generator in an unsafe location simply to hide it.
9. Maintain the Generator Before an Emergency
A generator that has been sitting unused may not start when needed. Test it according to the manufacturer’s instructions and maintain it regularly.
Check:
- Oil level
- Fuel condition
- Air filter
- Spark plug
- Battery, if equipped
- Extension cords
- Fuel lines
- Tires or wheels
- Safety labels
Run the generator only as directed. Keep replacement parts and maintenance supplies available if appropriate.
10. Create a Backup Power Plan
Before an emergency happens, decide which equipment is most important. You may not be able to power everything at once.
Prioritize items such as:
- Essential medical equipment
- Refrigerator or freezer
- Emergency lighting
- Communication devices
- Heating or cooling equipment
- Other necessary appliances
Keep flashlights, batteries, power banks, and battery-powered radios available so you do not have to rely entirely on the generator.
11. Store the Owner’s Manual
Keep the generator’s owner’s manual in a waterproof folder or storage container. Make sure household members know where it is located.
The manual contains important information about:
- Starting and stopping the generator
- Fuel requirements
- Oil type
- Wattage limits
- Maintenance
- Extension cords
- Grounding instructions
- Storage procedures
- Safety warnings
Never ignore manufacturer instructions or warning labels.
12. Shut Down the Generator Safely
Before shutting down the generator:
- Turn off or unplug connected appliances as directed
- Allow the generator to run as recommended by the manual
- Turn it off using the proper switch
- Let it cool before moving or refueling
- Store fuel safely
- Check for leaks or damage
Do not move a hot generator or attempt repairs while it is running.
Final Thoughts
A generator can be an important part of an emergency preparedness plan, but safe operation must always come first. Use it outdoors, keep it dry, refuel it only when cool, connect appliances correctly, and follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
Prepare your backup power plan before the next outage so your household can respond calmly and safely.
Stay ready for the unexpected with Survival Supply Central and build an emergency plan that protects what matters most.
